In this article we are going to see how to upgrade a oracle 12c container database from 12c to 19c using manual upgrade method.

Here we are going to proceed with the same steps as we followed while upgrading a non container database from oracle 12c to 19c.

In my environment I am having one container database and two pluggable database in it.

Overview Steps:  

Step:1 Create a new directory called backup, Take, Take backup of listener.oratnsnames.ora files ,then move all the files to the newly created directory called backup.

Step:2 Create a new directories called upgrade, while upgrade, Run the preupgrade.jar file which is in  the location. Move the summary of the preupgrade script to the upgrade directory.

/home/oracle/u03/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/jdk/bin/java -jar 
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/preupgrade.jar


Step:3 Three files named preupgrade.logpreupgrade_fixups.sqlpostupgrade_fixups.sql files     will be created after running the preupgrade script.

Step:4 We should execute the below scripts,

Before upgrade – @/u01/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql

After upgrade    – @/u01/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql

Step:5 Then check the preupgrade.log whether it is completed without any errors.

Step:6 Verify the tablespace sizes for upgrade.(enable the AUTO EXTENT ON and set the maximum size for tablespaces)

Step:7 Gather the dictionary statistics query to get the statistical data of fixed objects. we

should gather dictionary statistics  before and after the upgrade to maintain better database     performance. Because dictionary tables are modified and created during the upgrade.

Step:8 Purge the recyclebin

Step:9 Refresh all the materialized views before upgrade.

Step:10 Run preupgrade_fixups.sql (/u01/upgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql) before the upgrade.

 Step:11 You should enable the archive log list, it is mandatory to perform an upgrade.

Step:12 Create the flashback restore point before performing upgrade, it is important suppose if dbupgrade fails you can recover the database from this restore point.

Step:13 Set the db_recovery_file_dest_size=10GB

UPGRADE STEPS:

After we have completed all our pre-upgrade steps,

Step:14 shut down the database, copy the spfile, password files from 12c home to 19c home.

Step:15 startup the database in upgrade mode from 19c home.

Step:16 Run the upgrade, $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbupgrade file. Here starts the manual upgrade process.

POST UPGRADE STEPS:  

Step:17 Run catcon.pl to start utlrp.sql to recompile the invalid objects.

Step:18 Then check for any invalid objects in the database after upgrade.

Step:19 Verify the timezone version of the upgraded database.(it should be changed to 32),for     that run utlusts.sql script.

Step:20 We have to verify the DBA_REGISTRY view, it displays the information about the     components  loaded in the database.

Step:21 Now we can drop the restore point that we have created already before the upgrade.

Step:22 Update the compatible parameter value, it will be set in the base database version we have to update the upgraded database version in the compatible parameter value.

Step:23 Finally check the listener.ora and tnsnames.ora files  it should be updated to a upgraded database version.

PRE-UPGRADE TASK:

Step: 1 Create directory backup, upgrade for taking backup of listener.ora , tnsnames.ora and running the preupgrade.jar files respectively.

Backup TNS Files listener spfile and passwordfile.

[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/backup

[oracle@localhost u01]$ cd backup/
[oracle@orcldbs backup]$ ll
total 20
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 343 Mar 09 03:32 listener21013011PM3657.bak
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 555 Mar 09 03:32 listener.ora
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 191 Mar 09 03:32 sqlnet21013011PM3657.bak
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 191 Mar 09 03:32 sqlnet.ora
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 614 Mar 09 03:32 tnsnames.ora
[oracle@orcldbs backup]$

Step:2 Login to the database &  Run the preupgrade_fixups.sql

Step:3 Gather the dictionary statistics it should be gathered before and after performing the upgrade.

Step:4 Purge the  Recyclebin, it gains some storage space and on other hand we have chosen the recovery options.

Step:5 Before upgrading Oracle Database, you must wait until all materialized views have completed refreshing. 

Step:6 Verify archive log mode and enable it ,if not

Step:7 Create Flashback Guaranteed Restore Point in the name pre_upgrade.

Step:8 Copy init and password files from 12c home  to 19c  home.

preupgrade_CDB_ROOT.log
Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
19.0.0.0.0 Build: 1 on 2021-03-09T05:41:20

Upgrade-To version: 19.0.0.0.0

=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
Database Name: EUROPE
Container Name: CDB$ROOT
Container ID: 1
Version: 12.2.0.1.0
DB Patch Level: No Patch Bundle applied
Compatible: 12.2.0
Blocksize: 8192
Platform: Linux x86 64-bit
Timezone File: 26
Database log mode: NOARCHIVELOG
Readonly: FALSE
Edition: EE 

preupgrade_PDB_SEED.log

Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
19.0.0.0.0 Build: 1 on 2021-03-09T05:41:43

Upgrade-To version: 19.0.0.0.0

=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
Database Name: EUROPE
Container Name: PDB$SEED
Container ID: 2
Version: 12.2.0.1.0
DB Patch Level: No Patch Bundle applied
Compatible: 12.2.0
Blocksize: 8192
Platform: Linux x86 64-bit
Timezone File: 26
Database log mode: NOARCHIVELOG
Readonly: TRUE
Edition: EE

preupgrade_ARGENTINA.log

Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
19.0.0.0.0 Build: 1 on 2021-03-09T05:41:43

Upgrade-To version: 19.0.0.0.0

=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
Database Name: EUROPE
Container Name: ARGENTINA
Container ID: 3
Version: 12.2.0.1.0
DB Patch Level: No Patch Bundle applied
Compatible: 12.2.0
Blocksize: 8192
Platform: Linux x86 64-bit
Timezone File: 26
Database log mode: NOARCHIVELOG
Readonly: FALSE
Edition: EE

preupgrade_BRAZIL.log

Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
19.0.0.0.0 Build: 1 on 2021-03-09T05:42:09

Upgrade-To version: 19.0.0.0.0

=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
Database Name: EUROPE
Container Name: BRAZIL
Container ID: 4
Version: 12.2.0.1.0
DB Patch Level: No Patch Bundle applied
Compatible: 12.2.0
Blocksize: 8192
Platform: Linux x86 64-bit
Timezone File: 26
Database log mode: NOARCHIVELOG
Readonly: FALSE
Edition: EE

UPGRADE TASK:

Step:9 Startup the database in Upgrade mode from 19c home, Run dbupgrade, $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbupgrade file. Here starts the manual upgrade process. 

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
[oracle@localhost admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin
[oracle@localhost admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/whileupgrade
[oracle@localhost admin]$  nohup /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/perl/bin/perl 
catctl.pl -l /u01/whileupgrade -n 4 catupgrd.sql &
[1] 24608

[oracle@orcldbs admin]$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’
Start of Summary Report
------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database Release 19 Post-Upgrade Status Tool    03-09-2021 06:06:0
Database Name: EUROPE
Component                               Current         Full     Elapsed Time
Name                                    Status          Version  HH:MM:SS
Oracle Server                          UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:18:34
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine           UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:01:34
Oracle XDK                             UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:47
Oracle Database Java Packages          UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:13
OLAP Analytic Workspace                UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:12
Oracle Label Security                  UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:06
Oracle Database Vault                  UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:20
Oracle Text                            UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:31
Oracle Workspace Manager               UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:27
Oracle Real Application Clusters       UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:00
Oracle XML Database                    UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:01:31
Oracle Multimedia                      UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:47
Spatial                                UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:05:33
Oracle OLAP API                        UPGRADED      19.3.0.0.0  00:00:10
Datapatch                                                        00:03:27
Final Actions                                                    00:03:35
Post Upgrade                                                     00:00:17

Total Upgrade Time: 01:55:38
Database upgrade completed.

Step:10 Startup DB from 19c home.

POST-UPGRADE TASKS:

Step:-11 Run catcon.pl(it is used used to execute the command in all PDBs and CDB database)  to start utlrp.sql to recompile invalid objects.

SQL>  @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

Session altered.

TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN                   2021-03-09 06:30:35

DOC>   The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC>   objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC>   number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC>   a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC>   objects.
DOC>
DOC>   Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC>   1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC>      number should decrease with time.
DOC>         SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC>   2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC>      should increase with time.
DOC>         SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC>   This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC>   based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC>   by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC>   On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC>   UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC>   recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC>   can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC>   whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC>   1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC>         SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC>                    WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC>   2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC>         SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC>                    WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END                    2021-03-09 06:34:29

DOC> The following query reports the number of invalid objects.
DOC>
DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0




DOC> The following query reports the number of exceptions caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC> Note: Typical compilation errors (due to coding errors) are not
DOC>       logged into this table: they go into DBA_ERRORS instead.
DOC>#

ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
                                               
Function created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Function dropped.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

 

Step:12 Upgrade the time zone by running the following scripts,

First Script $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utltz_upg_check.sql 

Second Script $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/ utltz_upg_apply.sql 

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utltz_upg_check.sql

Session altered.

INFO: Starting with RDBMS DST update preparation.
INFO: NO actual RDBMS DST update will be done by this script.
INFO: If an ERROR occurs the script will EXIT sqlplus.
INFO: Doing checks for known issues ...
INFO: Database version is 19.0.0.0 .
INFO: This database is a Multitenant database.
INFO: Current container is CDB$ROOT .
INFO: Updating the RDBMS DST version of the CDB / CDB$ROOT database
INFO: will NOT update the RDBMS DST version of PDB databases in this CDB.
INFO: There are no open PDBs .
INFO: Database RDBMS DST version is DSTv26 .
INFO: No known issues detected.
INFO: Now detecting new RDBMS DST version.
A prepare window has been successfully started.
INFO: Newest RDBMS DST version detected is DSTv32 .
INFO: Next step is checking all TSTZ data.
INFO: It might take a while before any further output is seen …
A prepare window has been successfully ended.
INFO: A newer RDBMS DST version than the one currently used is found.
INFO: Note that NO DST update was yet done.
INFO: Now run utltz_upg_apply.sql to do the actual RDBMS DST update.
INFO: Note that the utltz_upg_apply.sql script will
INFO: restart the database 2 times WITHOUT any confirmation or prompt.

Session altered.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utltz_upg_apply.sql

Session altered.

INFO: If an ERROR occurs, the script will EXIT SQL*Plus.
INFO: The database RDBMS DST version will be updated to DSTv32 .
INFO: This database is a Multitenant database.
INFO: Current container is CDB$ROOT .
INFO: Updating the RDBMS DST version of the CDB / CDB$ROOT database
INFO: will NOT update the RDBMS DST version of PDB databases in this CDB.
INFO: There are no open PDBs .
WARNING: This script will restart the database 2 times
WARNING: WITHOUT asking ANY confirmation.
WARNING: Hit control-c NOW if this is not intended.
INFO: Restarting the database in UPGRADE mode to start the DST upgrade.
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area     2432695832 bytes
Fixed Size                      9137688 bytes
Variable Size                 654311424 bytes
Database Buffers             1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers                    7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
INFO: Starting the RDBMS DST upgrade.
INFO: Upgrading all SYS owned TSTZ data.
INFO: It might take time before any further output is seen …
An upgrade window has been successfully started.
INFO: Restarting the database in NORMAL mode to upgrade non-SYS TSTZ data.
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area     2432695832 bytes
Fixed Size                      9137688 bytes
Variable Size                 654311424 bytes
Database Buffers             1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers                    7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
INFO: Upgrading all non-SYS TSTZ data.
INFO: It might take time before any further output is seen …
INFO: Do NOT start any application yet that uses TSTZ data!
INFO: Next is a list of all upgraded tables:
Table list: "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL"."AQ$_CHANGE_LOG_QUEUE_TABLE_S"
Number of failures: 0
Table list: "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL"."AQ$_CHANGE_LOG_QUEUE_TABLE_L"
Number of failures: 0
Table list: "MDSYS"."SDO_DIAG_MESSAGES_TABLE"
Number of failures: 0
Table list: "DVSYS"."SIMULATION_LOG$"
Number of failures: 0
Table list: "DVSYS"."AUDIT_TRAIL$"
Number of failures: 0
INFO: Total failures during update of TSTZ data: 0 .
An upgrade window has been successfully ended.
INFO: Your new Server RDBMS DST version is DSTv32 .
INFO: The RDBMS DST update is successfully finished.
INFO: Make sure to exit this SQL*Plus session.
INFO: Do not use it for timezone related selects.

Session altered.

Step:13 Run utlusts.sql ,this script reads the view dba_registry_log and displays the upgrade results for the database components.

Step:14 Drop Restore point as we have successfully completed the manual upgradation.

SQL> drop restore point PRE_UPGRADE;
Restore point dropped.

Step:15 Set COMPATIBALE parameter value to 19.0.0 from 12.2.0

Step:16 Verify DBA_REGISTRY 

Step:17 Add TNS Entries in 19c TNS home 

[oracle@localhost admin]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 09-MAR-2021 07:56:41
Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcldbs/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.26)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.26)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                09-MAR-2021 07:56:41
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcldbs/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.26)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...

Service "europe" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "europe", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@orcldbs admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 09-MAR-2021 07:56:50
Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.26)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                09-MAR-2021 07:56:41
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 9 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcldbs/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.26)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "europe" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "europe", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

Step:18 Edit oratab,Put an entry of current database in the vi /etc/oratab file.
[oracle@localhost admin]$ cat /etc/oratab | grep -i europe
europe:/home/oracle/u03/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1:N
[oracle@localhost admin]$ cat /etc/oratab | grep -i europe
europe:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1:Y
europe:/home/oracle/u03/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1:N

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